Umusaruro ku isi wagize ingaruka nkuko abasesengura baburira ibibazo bitangwa umwaka utaha
Abakora amamodoka hirya no hino ku isi barimo guhangana n’ibura rya chipi ibahatira guhagarika umusaruro, ariko abayobozi n’abasesenguzi bavuze ko bishoboka ko bazakomeza urugamba rw’undi umwe cyangwa se imyaka ibiri.
Chipmaker yo mu Budage Infineon Technologies yavuze ko mu cyumweru gishize irwanira gutanga amasoko kuko icyorezo cya COVID-19 gihungabanya umusaruro muri Maleziya. Isosiyete iracyahanganye n’ingaruka z’umuyaga muri Texas, muri Amerika.
Umuyobozi mukuru, Reinhard Ploss yavuze ko ibarura “riri ku mateka; ibyuma byacu byoherezwa muri fabs zacu (inganda) muburyo bwanyuma bwo gusaba ”.
Ati: “Icyifuzo cya semiconductor nticika. Kugeza ubu ariko, isoko rihura n'ibibazo bikabije bitangwa ”, Ploss. Yavuze ko ibintu bishobora kumara mu 2022.
Ikibazo cya nyuma ku nganda z’imodoka ku isi cyaje mu gihe Renesas Electronics yatangiye kugarura ibicuruzwa byayo kuva muri Nyakanga. Chipmaker yo mu Buyapani yagize umuriro mu gihingwa cyayo mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka.
AlixPartners yagereranije ko inganda zitwara imodoka zishobora gutakaza miliyari 61 z'amadolari yo kugurisha muri uyu mwaka kubera ikibazo cya chip.
Mu cyumweru gishize, Stellantis, uruganda rukora amamodoka manini ku isi, yihanangirije ko ibura rya semiconductor rizakomeza kwibasira umusaruro.
General Motors yavuze ko kubura chip bizayihatira gukora inganda eshatu zo muri Amerika ya ruguru zikora amakamyo manini.
Guhagarika akazi bizaba bibaye ku nshuro ya kabiri mu byumweru bishize uruganda rukora amakamyo atatu ya GM ruzahagarika umusaruro mwinshi cyangwa byose kubera ikibazo cya chip.
BMW yagereranije ko imodoka 90.000 zidashobora gukorwa kubera ibura ryuyu mwaka.
Umwe mu bagize inama y'ubutegetsi ya BMW ushinzwe imari, Nicolas Peter yagize ati: "Kubera ikibazo kidashidikanywaho kuri iki gihe ku bikoresho bitangwa na semiconductor, ntidushobora guhakana ko imibare yacu yo kugurisha ishobora guterwa no kongera umusaruro."
Mu Bushinwa, Toyota yahagaritse umurongo w’ibicuruzwa i Guangzhou, umurwa mukuru w’intara ya Guangdong, mu cyumweru gishize kubera ko idashobora kubona ibyuma bihagije.
Volkswagen nayo yibasiwe nibibazo. Yagurishije imodoka miliyoni 1.85 mu Bushinwa mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka, yiyongeraho 16.2 ku ijana umwaka ushize, ugereranije no kwiyongera kwa 27%.
Ati: “Twabonye ibicuruzwa bidindiza muri Q2. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko abakiriya b'Abashinwa batatunguranye. Ni ukubera ko twibasiwe cyane no kubura chip, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe n'umuyobozi mukuru wa Volkswagen Group China, Stephan Woellenstein.
Yavuze ko umusaruro wagize ingaruka zikomeye muri Kamena ku bijyanye na platform ya MQB, aho imodoka za Volkswagen na Skoda zubakiye. Ibihingwa byagombaga guhindura gahunda yumusaruro hafi ya buri munsi.
Woellenstein yavuze ko ibura ryagumye muri Nyakanga ariko ko bizagabanywa guhera muri Kanama kuko uwukora imodoka ahindukirira abandi batanga isoko. Icyakora, yihanangirije ko muri rusange ibintu bitangwa bikomeje guhungabana kandi ibura rusange rizakomeza kugeza mu 2022.
Ishyirahamwe ry’abakora amamodoka mu Bushinwa ryatangaje ko kugurisha ibicuruzwa by’imodoka mu gihugu bivugwa ko byagabanutseho 13.8 ku ijana umwaka ushize bikagera kuri miliyoni 1.82 muri Nyakanga, aho ibura rya chip ariryo nyirabayazana.
Jean-Marc Chery, umuyobozi mukuru wa Chipmaker ya Franco-Ubutaliyani STMicroelectronics, yavuze ko amabwiriza y'umwaka utaha yarenze ubushobozi bw'isosiyete ye.
Yavuze ko mu nganda hari abantu benshi bemeza ko ibura “rizakomeza kugeza mu mwaka utaha byibuze”.
Infineon's Ploss yagize ati: "Turimo gukora ibishoboka byose ngo tunoze ibintu murwego rwose kandi dukora ibishoboka byose kugirango tubone inyungu zabakiriya bacu.
Ati: "Muri icyo gihe, dukomeje kongera ubushobozi bw'inyongera."
Ariko inganda nshya ntizishobora gufungura ijoro ryose. Ondrej Burkacky, umufatanyabikorwa mukuru akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru w’imyitozo ngororamubiri ku isi mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo McKinsey yagize ati: "Kubaka ubushobozi bushya bisaba igihe － kuri fab nshya, imyaka irenga 2.5".
Burkacky yagize ati: "Kwagura rero gutangira ubu ntabwo bizongera ubushobozi buhari kugeza 2023".
Guverinoma mu bihugu bitandukanye zirimo gushora imari igihe kirekire kuko imodoka ziba zifite ubwenge kandi zigakenera chip nyinshi.
Muri Gicurasi, Koreya y'Epfo yatangaje ishoramari rya miliyari 451 z'amadolari mu rwego rwo kuba igihangange cya semiconductor. Mu kwezi gushize, Sena ya Amerika yatoye binyuze mu nkunga ingana na miliyari 52 z'amadolari y'ibihingwa bya chip.
Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi urashaka gukuba kabiri umugabane w’ubushobozi bwo gukora chip ku isi kugeza 2030 ku isoko mu 2030.
Ubushinwa bwatangaje politiki nziza yo guteza imbere urwego. Miao Wei wahoze ari minisitiri w’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, yavuze ko isomo ry’ibura rya chip ku isi ari uko Ubushinwa bukeneye ubwikorezi bw’imodoka bwigenga kandi bugenzurwa.
Ati: "Turi mu bihe aho software isobanura imodoka, kandi imodoka zikenera CPU na sisitemu y'imikorere. Tugomba rero gutegura mbere ”, Miao.
Amasosiyete yo mu Bushinwa arimo gutera imbere muri chip zateye imbere, nkibisabwa mumikorere yigenga.
Gutangiza Horizon Robotics ikorera mu mujyi wa Beijing yohereje chip zirenga 400.000 kuva iyambere yashyizwe mu modoka ya Changan yaho muri Kamena 2020.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Sep-09-2021